04/05/2024

Estudo indica resultados positivos em antirreumático contra a Covid-19

Medicamento reduziu risco de morte e a necessidade de respiração artificial em pacientes

Um estudo francês feito pelo Grupo Hospitalar Saint-Joseph de Paris, e publicado no último sábado (30) na revista The Lancet Rheumatology, mostra resultados “encorajadores” no uso do medicamento anakinra no combate às formas graves da Covid-19. O remédio, indicado normalmente para tratamento de artrite reumatoide, pode reduzir o risco de óbito e a necessidade de respiração artificial.

De acordo com Randy Cron, reumatologista da Universidade do Alabama, nos Estados Unidos, a “redução significativa da mortalidade associada ao uso de anakinra contra a Covid-19 neste estudo é encorajadora”.

O principal objetivo dos especialistas por trás do estudo é utilizar o medicamento no combate à “tempestade de citocina”, uma reação inflamatória descontrolada encontrada em casos mais graves de pneumonia em decorrência da Covid-19.

Como resultado, essa reação provoca o chamado desconforto respiratório agudo (SDRA), que se traduz no momento em que os pulmões do paciente param de fornecer oxigênio para órgãos vitais, ocasionando a necessidade de sistemas de respiração artificial.

Evidências conclusivas

O resultado do estudo indica que o anakinra consegue bloquear uma das citocinas envolvidas no processo infamatório, a interleucina-1 (IL-1). De acordo com os autores, o recebimento do medicamento por injeção subcutânea em 52 pacientes graves do novo coronavírus durante 10 dias fez com que houvesse uma “redução estatisticamente significativa no risco de morte e permanência na UTI para assistência respiratória por ventilação mecânica”.

Resultados no uso do anakinra são “encorajadores”. Foto: MarianVejcik

Do total de pacientes que receberam o tratamento, um quarto foi transferido para reanimação ou morreu. No caso do grupo de comparação, composto por 44 indivíduos que não tomaram a medicação, 73% faleceram vítimas da doença.

Dos que receberam o antirreumático, após sete dias os pesquisadores perceberam uma rápida diminuição na necessidade de auxílio para respirar. “Na ausência de testes terapêuticos que incluíam medicamentos imunomoduladores para nossos pacientes, a decisão adotada para propor o anakinra, de acordo com os critérios de gravidade decididos por consenso, mudou rapidamente o aspecto da doença na enfermaria. O benefício era ‘perceptível’ diariamente”, disse Jean-Jacques Mourad, coautor do estudo.

Além do estudo francês, segundo Cron, há “uma dúzia de testes clínicos explorando o bloqueio da citocina IL-1 associada à síndrome da tempestade inflamatória da Covid-19”. No entanto, ele destaca que a publicação recente “fornece as evidências mais conclusivas até o momento de que o remédio pode beneficiar pacientes” que estão nos estágios mais graves da doença.

Via: Uol

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